Teacher Login / Registration : Teachers: If your school or district has purchased print student editions, register now to access the full online version of the book. Compound Forms: English: Spanish: Fifth Amendment n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. la quinta enmienda de los E.E.U.U. nf nombre femenino. 4.3.33 attribute. internal value that defines some characteristic of a property. 4.3.34 own property. property that is directly contained by its object. XQuery is designed to meet the requirements identified by the W3C XML Query Working Group [XML Query 1.0 Requirements] and the use cases in [XML Query Use Cases]. ![]() ![]() Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1. Fifth Edition)1 Introduction. Extensible Markup Language, abbreviated XML, describes a class of data. 1.1 Origin and Goals. XML was developed by an XML Working Group (originally known as the SGML Editorial Review Board) formed under the auspices of the World Wide Web. Welcome to the Companion Website for Treffpunkt Deutsch. TREFFPUNKT DEUTSCH Grundstufe Fifth Edition. by E. Rosemarie Widmaier McMaster University. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. The present book is a revision of my Latin Grammar originally published in 1895. Wherever greater accuracy or precision of statement. XML documents and partially. XML is an. application profile or restricted form of SGML, the Standard Generalized Markup. Language [ISO 8. 87. By construction, XML documents are conforming. SGML documents. XML documents are made up of storage units called entities. Parsed data is made up of characters, some of which form character. Ancient Greek grammar is morphologically complex and preserves several features of Proto-Indo-European morphology. Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, articles, numerals and. ECMAScript implementations must recognize all of the white space characters defined in Unicode 3.0. Later editions of the Unicode Standard may define other white.Markup encodes a description of the document's storage layout and logical. XML provides a mechanism to impose constraints on the storage layout. A software module called. XML processor is used to read XML documents and provide access. XML processor is doing its work on behalf of another module. This specification describes. XML processor in terms of how it must read XML. Origin and Goals. XML was developed by an XML Working Group (originally known as the SGML. Editorial Review Board) formed under the auspices of the World Wide Web Consortium. W3. C) in 1. 99. 6. It was chaired by Jon Bosak of Sun Microsystems with the active. XML Special Interest Group (previously known as the SGML. Working Group) also organized by the W3. C. The membership of the XML Working. Group is given in an appendix. Dan Connolly served as the Working Group's contact with. W3. C. The design goals for XML are: XML shall be straightforwardly usable over the Internet. XML shall support a wide variety of applications. XML shall be compatible with SGML. It shall be easy to write programs which process XML documents. The number of optional features in XML is to be kept to the absolute. XML documents should be human- legible and reasonably clear. The XML design should be prepared quickly. The design of XML shall be formal and concise. XML documents shall be easy to create. Terseness in XML markup is of minimal importance. This specification, together with associated standards (Unicode [Unicode]. ISO/IEC 1. 06. 46 [ISO/IEC 1. Internet BCP 4. 7[IETF BCP 4. Language Subtag Registry [IANA- LANGCODES] for language. XML Version 1. 0 and. This version of the XML specification may be distributed freely, as long as. Terminology. The terminology used to describe XML documents is defined in the body of. The key words MUST, MUST NOT. REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT. SHOULD, SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED. MAY, and OPTIONAL, when EMPHASIZED. IETF RFC 2. 11. 9]. In addition, the terms defined. XML processor: error. A violation of the rules of this specification. Unless otherwise specified, failure to observe a prescription of this specification indicated by one of the keywords MUST, REQUIRED, MUST NOT, SHALL and SHALL NOT is an error. Conforming software MAY detect and report an error. MAY recover from it.]. An error which a conforming XML processor. MUST detect and report to the application. After encountering a fatal error, the processor MAY continue processing the. MAY report such errors to the application. In order to support correction of errors, the processor MAY make unprocessed. Once a fatal error is detected, however, the processor. MUST NOT continue normal processing (i. MUST NOT continue to pass character. Conforming software. MAY or MUST (depending on the modal verb in the sentence) behave as described. MUST provide users a means to enable or disable the behavior. A rule which applies to. XML documents. Violations of validity. MUST, at user option, be reported by validating XML processors.]. A rule which applies. XML documents. Violations. Of strings or names: ) Two strings. Characters with multiple possible. ISO/IEC 1. 06. 46 (e. Of strings and rules in the grammar: ) A string. Of content and content models: ) An element matches its declaration. VC: Element Valid].]. Marks. a sentence describing a feature of XML included solely to ensure. XML remains compatible with SGML.]. Marks. a sentence describing a non- binding recommendation included to increase. XML documents can be processed by the existing installed. SGML processors which predate the Web. SGML Adaptations Annex to ISO 8. Documents. [: A data object is an XML. In addition, the XML document is. Each XML document has both a logical and a physical structure. Physically. the document is composed of units called entities. A document begins in a "root". Logically, the document. The logical and physical structures MUST nest properly, as described. Well- Formed Parsed Entities. Well- Formed XML Documents. A textual object is a well- formed. XML document if: ]. Taken as a whole, it matches the production labeled document. It meets all the well- formedness constraints given in this specification. Each of the parsed entities. Document. Matching the document production implies that: It contains one or more elements. There is exactly one element. For. all other elements, if the start- tag is in. More simply stated, the elements. As a consequence of this. C in the document, there is one other element P. C is in the content of P, but. P. P. is referred to as the parent of C, and C as. Characters. [: A parsed entity contains text. A character. is an atomic unit of text as specified by ISO/IEC 1. ISO/IEC 1. 06. 46]. Legal characters are tab, carriage. Unicode and ISO/IEC 1. The. versions of these standards cited in A. Normative References were. New characters may be added. Consequently, XML processors. MUST accept any character in the range specified for Char. Character Range[2] Char : := #x. A | #x. D | [#x. 20- #x. D7. FF] | [#x. E0. FFFD] | [#x. 10. 00. FFFF]/* any Unicode character, excluding the surrogate blocks, FFFE, and FFFF. The mechanism for encoding character code points into bit patterns may. All XML processors MUST accept the UTF- 8 and UTF- 1. Unicode [Unicode]. Character Encoding in Entities. Note: Document authors are encouraged to avoid. Unicode]. The characters defined in the following ranges are also. They are either control characters or permanently undefined Unicode. F- #x. 84], [#x. 86- #x. F], [#x. FDD0- #x. FDEF]. [#x. 1FFFE- #x. FFFF], [#x. 2FFFE- #x. FFFF], [#x. 3FFFE- #x. FFFF]. [#x. 4FFFE- #x. FFFF], [#x. 5FFFE- #x. FFFF], [#x. 6FFFE- #x. FFFF]. [#x. 7FFFE- #x. FFFF], [#x. 8FFFE- #x. FFFF], [#x. 9FFFE- #x. FFFF]. [#x. AFFFE- #x. AFFFF], [#x. BFFFE- #x. BFFFF], [#x. CFFFE- #x. CFFFF]. [#x. DFFFE- #x. DFFFF], [#x. EFFFE- #x. EFFFF], [#x. FFFFE- #x. FFFFF]. [#x. 10. FFFE- #x. FFFF]. 2. 3 Common Syntactic Constructs. This section defines some symbols used widely in the grammar. S (white space) consists of one or more space (#x. White Space[3] S : := (#x. D | #x. A)+Note: The presence of #x. D in the above production is. First Edition. As explained in 2. End- of- Line Handling. D characters literally present in an XML document. A characters before. The only way to get a #x. D character to match this production is to. An Nmtoken (name token) is any mixture of name. A Name is an Nmtoken with a restricted set of initial characters.] Disallowed initial characters for Names include digits, diacritics, the full stop and the hyphen. Names beginning with the string "xml". X'|'x') ('M'|'m') ('L'|'l')). Note: The. Namespaces in XML Recommendation [XML Names] assigns a meaning. Therefore, authors should not use the. XML names except for namespace purposes, but XML processors must. The first character of a Name. MUST be a Name. Start. Char, and any. other characters MUST be Name. Chars; this mechanism is used to. European (ASCII) digits or with. Almost all characters are permitted in. The intention is to be inclusive rather than exclusive. Unicode can be used in. XML names. See J Suggestions for XML Names for suggestions on the creation of. Document authors are encouraged to use names which are. Note that. COLON, HYPHEN- MINUS, FULL STOP (period), LOW LINE (underscore), and. MIDDLE DOT are explicitly permitted. The ASCII symbols and punctuation marks, along with a fairly. Unicode symbol characters, are excluded from names. XML. names are used outside XML documents; providing this group gives. XML name. The character #x. E, GREEK QUESTION MARK, is excluded. Names and Tokens[4] Name. Start. Char : := ": " | [A- Z] | "_" | [a- z] | [#x. C0- #x. D6] | [#x. D8- #x. F6] | [#x. F8- #x. 2FF] | [#x. D] | [#x. 37. F- #x. FFF] | [#x. 20. 0C- #x. D] | [#x. 20. 70- #x. F] | [#x. 2C0. 0- #x. FEF] | [#x. 30. 01- #x. D7. FF] | [#x. F9. FDCF] | [#x. FDF0- #x. FFFD] | [#x. 10. 00. EFFFF][4a] Name. Char : := Name. Start. Char | "- " | "." | [0- 9] | #x. B7 | [#x. 03. 00- #x. F] | [#x. 20. 3F- #x. Name : := Name. Start. Char (Name. Char)*[6] Names : := Name (#x. Name)*[7] Nmtoken : := (Name. Char)+[8] Nmtokens : := Nmtoken (#x. Nmtoken)*Literal data is any quoted string not containing the quotation mark used. Literals are used for specifying the content. Entity. Value), the values. Att. Value), and external identifiers. System. Literal). Note that a System. Literal. can be parsed without scanning for markup. Literals[9] Entity. Value : := '"' ([^%& "] | PEReference. Reference)* '"' | "'" ([^%& '] | PEReference | Reference)* "'"[1. Att. Value : := '"' ([^< & "] | Reference)*. Reference)*. "'"[1. System. Literal : := ('"' [^"]* '"') | ("'" [^']* "'") [1. Pubid. Literal : := '"' Pubid. Char* '"'. | "'" (Pubid. Char - "'")* "'"[1. Pubid. Char : := #x. D | #x. A | [a- z. A- Z0- 9] | [- '()+./: =?; !*#@$_%]Note: Although. Entity. Value production allows the definition. ENTITY mylt "< "> ), it is strongly advised to avoid. Character Data and Markup. Text consists of intermingled character data and markup. Markup takes the form of start- tags, end- tags, empty- element tags, entity references, character. CDATA section delimiters, document. XML declarations, text declarations. All text that is not markup. The ampersand character (& ) and the left angle bracket (< ) MUST NOT appear. CDATA section. If they are needed elsewhere, they MUST be escaped. The right angle bracket (> ) may be represented using the string ". MUST, for compatibility, be escaped. CDATA. section. In the content of elements, character data is any string of characters. CDATA- section- close. In a CDATA section. CDATA- section- close.
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